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母豬乳產(chǎn)量、組成和仔豬養(yǎng)分?jǐn)z入對(duì)斷奶仔豬生長(zhǎng)和體組成的影響

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司

查看次數(shù)：7705

時(shí)間：2020-04-03
本試驗(yàn)的主要目的在于研究乳攝入量、乳組成和仔豬養(yǎng)分?jǐn)z入對(duì)斷奶仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能和體組成的影響。試驗(yàn)1使用氘稀釋技術(shù)建立44頭仔豬體脂、體蛋白、灰分和水分的預(yù)測(cè)方程。此外，試驗(yàn)2使用21頭第二胎母豬的仔豬，總計(jì)294頭。在這個(gè)試驗(yàn)中，在哺乳第3、10、17和25天對(duì)仔豬稱重。在同一天，檢測(cè)乳攝入量和仔豬體組成。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，仔豬體增重與乳攝入量和乳組分顯著正相關(guān)，全期r值從0.65～0.93不等（P＜0.001）。當(dāng)對(duì)仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能進(jìn)行歸因分析時(shí)，乳攝入和乳蛋白含量可以解釋仔豬第二周和第三周增重變化情況的85%和87%，而仔豬第一周增重的唯一預(yù)測(cè)因子是乳攝入量，它可以解釋81%增重的變化。仔豬脂肪、蛋白和能量沉積速度與乳攝入量和乳養(yǎng)分?jǐn)z入量高度相關(guān)，r值從0.76～0.94不等（P＜0.001）。仔豬增重和沉積速度與乳組成呈弱相關(guān)性，r值從0.01～0.50不等（正相關(guān)或者負(fù)相關(guān)）。體增重、斷奶時(shí)體脂含量與乳蛋白濃度的擬合曲線說(shuō)明當(dāng)乳蛋白為4.9%時(shí)，體增重較高、體脂率較低，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這種二次線性效果并沒(méi)有達(dá)到顯著水平。斷奶時(shí)體脂率與乳攝入量、乳脂率正相關(guān)（R2=0.44、0.46，P＜0.001）。

總之，乳攝入量對(duì)仔豬生長(zhǎng)速度具有重要影響，乳脂攝入量極大的影響了斷奶時(shí)體脂率，而乳組成對(duì)這些指標(biāo)的影響相對(duì)較小。

Impact of milk and nutrient intake of piglets and sow milk composition on piglet growth and body composition at weaning

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of milk intake, milk composition, and nutrient intake on piglet growth in lactation and body composition at weaning. To evaluate the body composition of piglets, data from one experiment (44 Danish Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc piglets) were used to develop prediction equations for body pools of fat, protein, ash, and water based on live weight and deuterium dilution space (exp. 1). Furthermore, a total of 294 piglets (Danish Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) from 21 sows of second parity were included in a second experiment (exp. 2). In exp. 2, piglet live weight was recorded on days 3, 10, 17, and 25 of lactation. On the same days, the milk intake and body composition were measured, using the deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution technique. Piglet weight gain was highly positively correlated with the intake of milk and the intake of milk constituents each week and on an overall basis having r values ranging from 0.65 to 0.93 (P < 0.001). When evaluating regressions for piglet growth, the milk intake in combination with the milk protein concentration explained 85% and 87% of the total variation in piglet gain in the second and third week of lactation, respectively, whereas milk intake was the only predictor of piglet gain in the first week of lactation explaining 81% of the variation. Fat, protein, and energy retention rates were all highly positively correlated with the daily intake of milk and intake of milk nutrients with r values ranging from 0.76 to 0.94 (P < 0.001). Piglet gain and retention rates were rather weakly correlated with the milk composition with r values ranging from 0.01 to 0.50 (being either negative or positive). Curvilinear response curves were fitted for live weight gain and body fat content at weaning in response to milk protein concentration, showing that live weight gain was slightly greater and body fat content was slightly lower at 4.9% milk protein, but it should be emphasized that the quadratic effects did not reach significance. Body fat content at weaning was positively related with the intake of milk (R2 = 0.44, P < 0.001) and milk fat (R2 = 0.46, P < 0.01). In conclusion, milk intake had a major impact on the piglet growth rate, and milk fat intake greatly influenced the body fat percentage at weaning, whereas milk composition per se only played a minor role for these traits.

文章來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇
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