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腸道和呼吸道雙重病原體對豬只生長、效率、胴體組成和豬肉品質的影響

發布單位:天津瑞孚農牧科技集團有限公司

查看次數：7326

時間：2019-11-15

本研究的目的是，探討呼吸道和腸道雙重病原體對豬只生長性能、胴體組成和豬肉品質的影響。按照飼料剩余量（RFI）分開選擇豬只（68 kg），分別代表高飼料轉化率組和低飼料轉化率組；在接種疫苗的當天（dpi 0）注射豬肺炎支原體（Mh）和細胞內勞森菌（MhLI）給一半的豬只（12頭）進行雙重病原體感染挑戰試驗，另外一半豬只（12頭）放置在另外單獨的房間作為對照組。
分別在適應階段（階段1：dpi -21～0）、注射感染高峰期（階段2：dpi 0～42）和達到市場體重剩余期（階段3：dpi 42～達到市場體重）對豬只進行稱重，記錄采食量，以此來計算ADG、ADFI和G：F。按照商業程序，豬只在125 kg時達到市場體重，對胴體（重量、無脂肪瘦肉和腰眼區第十肋骨脂肪深度）和肉質（pH值下降、溫度下降和色度Hunter L、a、b，以及主觀顏色、大理石紋、星探測器分析、滴水損失、烹調損失、相似成分和肌間線蛋白降解）進行評估。
試驗數據表明，病毒試驗組豬只，在階段2時ADFI降低（P < 0.05），但是在階段3時ADG和G：F增加（P < 0.05），同時，在試驗組中，按照RFI飼料效率分開的豬只沒有出現差異（P > 0.05）。與低RFI組相比，高RFI低飼料效率組豬只豬排滴水損失和烹飪損失增加，水分含量降低，色度Hunter L值升高，Hunter b值增加（P < 0.05）。總體來看，病原體的感染并沒有對豬只胴體組成和肉質特征產生顯著影響（P > 0.05）。
試驗表明，在生長早期MhLI感染挑戰對豬只最終的胴體組成和肉質特性不會產生顯著影響，飼料采食效率的分組沒有影響病原體產生的效應。

Effect of a dual enteric and respiratory pathogen challenge on swine growth, efficiency, carcass composition, and pork quality
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of a dual respiratory and enteric pathogen challenge on growth performance, carcass composition, and pork quality of high and low feed efficient pigs. Pigs divergently selected for low and high residual feed intake (RFI, ~ 68 kg) from the 11th generation of Iowa State University RFI project were used to represent high and low feed efficiency. To elicit a dual pathogen challenge, half of the pigs (n = 12 / line) were inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(Mh) and Lawsonia intracellularis (MhLI) on days post inoculation (dpi) 0. Pigs in a separate room of the barn were not inoculated and used as controls (n = 12 / RFI line). Pigs were weighed and feed intake was recorded to calculate ADG, ADFI, and G:F for the acclimation period (period 1: dpi -21 - 0), during peak infection (period 2: dpi 0 - 42), and during the remaining growth period to reach market weight (period 3: dpi 42 – harvest). At ~ 125 kg, pigs were harvested using standard commercial procedures. Carcasses were evaluated f or composition (weight, fat free lean, loin eye area, 10th rib fat depth) and meat quality (pH decline, temperature decline, Hunter L, a, and b, subjective color and marbling, star probe, drip loss, cook loss, proximate composition, and desmin degradation). Challenged pigs had lesser ADFI than controls during period 2 (P < 0.05), but had greater ADG and G:F during period 3 (P < 0.05). Selection for feed efficiency did not result in a differential response to MhLI (P > 0.05). Loin chops from the less feed efficient, high RFI pigs, had greater drip loss, greater cook loss, lesser moisture content, greater Hunter L values, and greater Hunter b values (P < 0.05) than loin chops from low RFI pigs. Infection status did not significantly affect carcass composition or pork quality traits (P > 0.05). These results indicate that a MhLI challenge early in growth did not significantly impact ultimate carcass composition or meat quality traits. Selection for greater feed efficiency in pigs did not affect their response to pathogenic challenge.

文章來源：豬營養國際論壇
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